Neurology

The neurobiological foundation of effective repetitive transcranial magnetic brain stimulation in Alzheimer's disease

Ethan Littlefield

25 Jun 2025 — 1 min read

PMCID: PMC12175030

PMID: 40530618

DOI: 10.1002/alz.70337

Journal: Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association

Publication Date: 2025-6-18

Authors: Antonioni A, Martorana A, Santarnecchi E, Hampel H, Koch G

Key Points

rTMS demonstrates comprehensive neurobiological modulation in AD, targeting synaptic, molecular, and inflammatory pathways
Preclinical studies showed cognitive improvements and reduced amyloid deposition across multiple AD animal models
Emerging evidence supports rTMS as a promising precision medicine approach for personalized AD intervention

Summary

This comprehensive review explores the neurobiological mechanisms of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), revealing profound potential for precision medicine interventions. By systematically analyzing preclinical evidence from animal models, the study demonstrates that rTMS exerts multifaceted therapeutic effects across neurobiological domains, including synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitter modulation, and neuroinflammation reduction.

The research highlights rTMS's ability to counteract key AD pathophysiological processes by targeting multiple mechanisms: enhancing neurotrophic factor expression, reducing amyloid and tau accumulation, mitigating neuroinflammation, and restoring excitation/inhibition neural balance. Critically, animal model studies showed significant improvements in cognitive outcomes, behavioral performance, and neurobiological markers, suggesting rTMS could potentially slow disease progression from early, asymptomatic stages.

Status and associated factors of psychological resilience of Chinese medical aid team members under public health emergencies in a cross-sectional study

PMCID: PMC12173397 PMID: 40526630 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0324952 Journal: PloS one Publication Date: 2025-6-17 Authors: Wei X, Liang Y, Huang J Key Points * Psychological resilience is significantly influenced by professional experience, family support, and cultural adaptation * 53.9% of CMATMs reported experiencing loneliness, which negatively impacted psychological resilience

Structured light imaging mesoscopy: detection of embedded morphological changes in superficial tissues

PMCID: PMC12175002 PMID: 40534904 DOI: 10.1117/1.JBO.30.6.065001 Journal: Journal of biomedical optics Publication Date: 2025-6-18 Authors: Parsanasab M, Mehendale AM, Karrobi K, Roblyer D, Venugopalan V Key Points * SLIM provides a novel, non-invasive method for detecting subsurface tissue microstructural changes * Optimal imaging parameters vary significantly

Experimental evolution of a pathogen confronted with innate immune memory increases variation in virulence

PMCID: PMC12176410 PMID: 40532126 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012839 Journal: PLoS pathogens Publication Date: 2025-6-18 Authors: Korša A, Baur M, Schulz NK, Anaya-Rojas JM, Mellmann A, et al. Key Points * Immune priming creates selective pressure that increases pathogen virulence variability without compromising host defense mechanisms * 96.6% probability of

Long‐Term or Recurrent Antibiotic Use in Early Life and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Population‐Based Prospective Cohort and a Case–Control Study

PMCID: PMC12176498 PMID: 40533417 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.70113 Journal: Journal of diabetes Publication Date: 2025-6-18 Authors: Li Z, He Q, He X, Xing X, Fu S, et al. Key Points * Long-term or recurrent antibiotic use during childhood may significantly increase type 2 diabetes risk * 26% higher hazard ratio for